Vidite včasih kakšno angleško besedo, ki je lahko zapisana na dva različna načina? Ne, ne gre za napako. Oba zapisa sta dejansko pravilna. Gre le ta to, da ima britanska angleščina ponekod malenkost drugačna pravila črkovanja. Ravno te razlike si bomo pogledali v današnjem prispevku, kot nakazuje že sam naslov – britanska angleščina VS (versus – proti) ameriški angleščini. V nadaljevanju bomo za obe različici uporabljali kar končnici – BA in AA.
V tabeli spodaj si lahko pogledate le nekaj od najbolj pogostih primerov.
| BRITANSKA ANGLEŠČINA AMERIŠKA ANGLEŠČINA | |
|---|---|
| A | |
| accelerator | gas pedal, accelerator |
| aerial (TV, radio) | antenna, aerial |
| Alsatian | German shepherd |
| American Indian | Native American |
| anorak | jacket, parka |
| at the weekend | on the weekend |
| aubergine | eggplant |
| B | |
| bank holiday | national holiday, federal holiday |
| barrister, solicitor | lawyer, attorney |
| base rate | prime rate |
| to bath | to bathe |
| beetroot | beet |
| bill | check |
| bin, dustbin | garbage can/trash can |
| biro | ball-point pen |
| biscuit | cookie |
| bonnet | hood |
| boot | trunk |
| braces | suspenders |
| (round) brackets | parentheses |
| C | |
| candy floss | cotton candy |
| car park | parking lot |
| caravan | trailer |
| caretaker | janitor |
| catalogue | catalog |
| centre | center |
| chemist’s shop | drugstore, pharmacy |
| chips | French fries |
| city centre | downtown, city center |
| cloakroom | checkroom, coatroom |
| clothes peg | clothespin |
| colour | color |
| cooker | stove |
| (bathing) costume | swimsuit |
| cosy | cozy |
| cot (Baby) | crib |
| cotton wool | cotton ball |
| courgette | zucchini |
| crisps | potato chips |
| crossroads | crossroad (in the country) |
| intersection (town and country) | |
| curriculum vitae (CV) | résumé |
| curriculum vitae | |
| D | |
| dinner jacket | tux, tuxedo |
| directory enquiries | directory assistance |
| diversion | detour |
| double cream | heavy cream |
| draught | draft |
| draughts | checkers |
| drawing pin | thumbtack |
| dressing gown | (bath) robe |
| drink driving | drunk driving |
| driving licence | driver’s license |
| dummy | pacifier |
| duvet | comforter |
| E | |
| earth wire | ground wire |
| engaged | busy |
| enquiry | inquiry |
| everywhere | everyplace, everywhere |
| expiry date | expiration date |
| F | |
| fancy dress | costumes |
| Father Christmas | Santa Claus |
| favourite | favorite |
| to fill in | to fill out |
| film | film, movie |
| fire brigade | fire department |
| first floor | second floor |
| fish-fingers | fish-sticks |
| flannel | face cloth, wash cloth |
| flat | apartment |
| (flat: apartment with a single floor) | |
| flavour | flavor |
| football | soccer |
| fortnight | two weeks |
| fringe | bangs |
| from Monday to Friday | from Monday to Friday |
| from Monday through Friday (Friday included) | |
| full stop | period |
| G | |
| garden | yard |
| gear lever | gear shift |
| Gents | Men’s Room |
| goods train | freight train |
| ground floor | first floor, ground floor (in public buildings) |
| H | |
| harbour | harbor |
| headmaster, headteacher | principal |
| to hire | to rent |
| holidaymaker | vacationer |
| hockey | field hockey |
| holiday | vacation |
| hoover | vacuum cleaner |
| humour | humor |
| I | |
| icing sugar | powdered sugar |
| indicator | blinker, turn signal |
| inverted commas, quotation marks | quotation marks |
| J | |
| jacket potato | baked potato |
| jewellery | jewelery |
| junior school | elementary school |
| jumble sale | yard sale |
| jumper | sweater |
| K | |
| kilometre | kilometer |
| L | |
| ladybird | ladybug |
| to lay the table | to set the table |
| letterbox, postbox | mailbox |
| lift | elevator |
| litre | liter |
| lorry | truck |
| lost property | lost and found |
| M | |
| mackintosh | raincoat |
| managing director | CEO (chief executive officer) |
| mashed potato | mashed potatoes |
| match | game |
| maths | math |
| mobile (phone) | cellphone |
| motorbike | motorcycle |
| motorway | freeway, highway, expressway, interstate |
| mum | mom |
Pa si poleg primerov poglejmo še konkretna pravila, v katerih se razlikujeta obe različici angleščine.
Besede, ki se končujejo na –re
Besede BE, ki se končujejo na -re se pogosto končajo na -er v AE.
| BA | AA |
| centre | center |
| fibre | fiber |
| litre | liter |
| theatre | theater or theatre |
Besede, ki se končujejo na -our
Besede BE, ki se končujejo na -our se pogosto končajo na -or v AE.
| BA | AA |
| colour | color |
| flavour | flavor |
| humour | humor |
| labour | labor |
| neighbour | neighbor |
Besede, ki se končujejo na -ize ali -ise
Glagoli v BE, ki se lahko črkujejo z -ize ali -ise na koncu glagola, imajo v AE vedno končnico -ize.
| BA | AA |
| apologize ali apologise | apologize |
| organize ali organise | organize |
| recognize ali recognise | recognize |
Besede, ki se končujejo na -yse
Glagoli v BE, ki se končajo na -yse imajo se vedno končajo na -yze v AE.
| BA | AA |
| analyse | analyze |
| breathalyse | breathalyze |
| paralyse | paralyze |
Besede, ki se končajo na samoglasnik + črko L
V BA glagoli, ki se končajo na samoglasnik in črko l, črko l podvojijo, če jim dodamo končnico, ki se začne na samoglasnik (npr. končnica -ed), pri AA se črka L ne podvaja.
| BA | AA |
| travel | travel |
| travelled | traveled |
| travelling | traveling |
| traveller | traveler |
| fuel | fuel |
| fuelled | fueled |
| fuelling | fueling |
Besede črkovane z dvojnim samoglasnikom
BA črkuje nekatere besede z dvojnim samoglasnikom, AA jih črkuje samo z enim.
| BA | AA |
| leukaemia | leukemia |
| manoeuvre | maneuver |
| oestrogen | estrogen |
| paediatric | pediatric |
Samostalniki, ki se končujejo na –ence
Nekateri samostalniki v BA, ki se končujejo z -ence, se v AA končajo na -ense.
| BA | AA |
| defence | defense |
| licence | license |
| offence | offense |
| pretence | pretense |
Samostalniki, ki se končujejo na –ogue
Nekateri samostalniki , ki se v BA končajo na -ogue, se v AA končajo na -og ali -ogue.
| BA | AA |
| analogue | analog ali analogue |
| catalogue | catalog ali catalogue |
| dialogue | dialog ali dialogue |
*tabele povzete po https://en.oxforddictionaries.com
