PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

Je čas, za katerega velja kar nekaj pravil glede tega, kdaj ga uporabljamo.

Uporablja se:

1. ko govorimo o dejanjih, ki so se ravnokar zaključila in imajo posledico ali rezultat v sedanjosti
   I have just finished work. Everything is clean.
2. opisujemo ali sprašujemo po izkušnjah
   Have you ever been to France?
3. govorimo o dejanjih, ki so se začela v preteklosti in še vedno trajajo
   We have lived in Celje since 1955.
4. opisujemo časovno nedoločeno preteklost
   We have already read that book.

Pomožna glagola za ta čas sta:
HAVE – I, we, you, they
HAS – he, she, it

Glagolska oblika, ki se uporablja za Present Perfect Simple je 3.oblika nepravilnega glagola ali končnica –ED pri pravilnih glagolih.

Uporabljamo ga skupaj s prislovi kot so: for, since, ever, never, already, yet, recently, still, just, lately, so far…

POMNI!
FOR + časovno obdobje = I have been a vegetarian for 5 years.
SINCE + izhodiščna časovna točka = I have been married since 2010.

 

TRDILNI STAVKI

OSEBEK+ POMOŽNI GLAGOL + GLAGOL -ED/3. OBLIKA (+ OSTALO).

OSEBEK	POMOŽNI GLAGOL	GLAGOL	OSTALO
I, We, You, They	have	written/borrowed	a book.
He, She, It	has

NIKALNI STAVKI

OSEBEK+ POMOŽNI GLAGOL + NOT + GLAGOL -ED/3. OBLIKA (+ OSTALO).

OSEBEK	ZANIKAN POM. GLAGOL	GLAGOL	OSTALO
I, We, You, They	have not = haven’t	written/borrowed	a book.
He, She, It	has not = hasn’t

VPRAŠALNI STAVKI

VPRAŠALNI 1: POMOŽNI GLAGOL+ OSEBEK+ GLAGOL -ED/3.OBLIKA (+ OSTALO)?
VPRAŠALNI 2: VPRAŠALNICA + POMOŽNI GLAGOL+ OSEBEK+ GLAGOL -ED /3.OBLIKA (+ OSTALO)?

VPRAŠALNICA	POMOŽNI GLAGOL	OSEBEK	GLAGOL	OSTALO
(Why)	Have	I, we, you, they	written/borrowed	a book?
	Has	he, she, it

ODGOVOR 1: Have you written a book? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
ODGOVOR 2: Why have you written a book? Because I like writing.